Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Risk factors for infection with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria at the King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia عوامل الخطورة للاصابة بالبكتيريا المنتجة للبيتا لاكتاميز بمستشفى الملك عبدالعزيز التخصصي بمحافظة الطائف-السعودية |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Science |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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The Enterobacteriaceae are a family of gram-negative bacteria (GNB) that contains a high number of bacterial strains that have the ability to cause serious life-threating infections. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)–producing bacteria belong to this family and are a major cause of several infections that can occur at different sites of the human body, such as the kidney and lungs. For example, Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K.pneumonia) are common strains that are able to secrete ESBL enzymes. ESBL enzymes break down the lactam ring and enable bacteria to resist beta-lactam antimicrobials (such as cephalosporins).Recently, ESBL-producing organisms have accounted for approximately 8% to 36% of the GNB detected in Saudi hospitals. Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern and has become one of the most significant reasons for the deterioration of health systems in many countries, especially developing countries, where no strict policies regulate the prescription or use of antibiotics. The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the risk factors of infection caused by ESBL-producing bacteria at the King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital (KAASH), Taif, Saudi Arabia and to identify the different types of ESBL enzymes that were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. This study was undertaken from February 2017 to January 2018. Generally, the MicroScan WalkAway system was used to detect GNB and ESBL-producing bacteria; however, preliminary identification of GNB was also performed using standard bacteriological methods, such as culture characteristics and gram stain. With regard to confirming positive results for the ESBL-producing bacteria, double-disc synergy tests and the E-test were used if needed. Disc-diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria. Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used to analyse data, and a regression model was used to determine the p-value (< 0.05) for all cases and to identify the risk factors associated with ESBL infection. ESBL-producing bacteria were detected in 351 of 1,151 isolates (30.49%), E.coli the most prevalent (62.67%), followed by K.pneumoniae (23.64%). Urine specimens accounted for the largest proportion of ESBL-producing bacteria (62.56%). ESBL-producing bacteria were mainly isolated from the female medical ward, with around 21%. Risk factors contributing to the spread of ESBL infection include renal disease, diabetes, lung diseases and heart diseases. The carbapenem family is the best choice for treating cases of ESBL infection. PCR amplification of blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M genes was performed, and the distribution of the CTX-M gene was high at 86.95%, compared with TEM and SHV at 74.91% and 29.43%, respectively. These data provide new epidemiological information about the prevalence of ESBL-producing organisms among patients in the KAASH. In addition, this study identified the clonal nature of E.coli and K.pneumoniae isolated. It is very important to focus on effective methods of prevention such as implementing programs to explore the disease and following up to limit the spread of infection. |
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Supervisor |
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Prof. Dr. Saleh Mohamed Al-Garni |
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Thesis Type |
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Doctorate Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1440 AH
2018 AD |
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Added Date |
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Monday, December 24, 2018 |
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Researchers
| علي صالح الغامدي | Al-Ghamdi, Ali Saleh | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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